Method of producing human-hair scenery and ornaments



A. E. JARVIS. METHOD OF PRODUCING HUMAN HAIR SOENERY AND ORNAMENTS. No. 452,522 Patented May 19,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFORD E. JARVIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

METHOD OF PRODUCING HUMAN-HAIR SCENERY AND ORNAMENTS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 452,522, dated May 19, 1891.

Application filed March 24, 1890. Serial No. 345,070. (No specimens.)

T0 whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALFORD EDWARD J AR- vls, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Producing Human-Hair Scenery and Ornaments; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in a method of producing hair scenery and ornaments, and has for its object the preservation of the hair of a dead relative or friend in an artistic manner for making artistic hair-work; and for a better understanding of my invention I have represented in the accompanying drawing a view showing a scene made of hair in order to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice my invention, which is made by preparing the hair in the following manner.

To cleanse the hair, the hair must be thoroughly cleansed in a solution of sal-soda'say one teaspoonful to one pint soft water. Put your hair in and boil about five or ten minutes. Then thoroughly rinse in clear water. Should it be necessary, boil the hair from two to ten minutes longer, according to the condition the hair maybe in. Then after the hair has boiled the length of time required, take it out and lay it upon a palette or piece of glass, holding it perfectly tight with your left hand. \Vith your right hand press out all impurities with a knife-such as grease and dirt that may be in it. Then afterward rinse it in clean hot water and let it dry. By this means of using this solution and preparing the hair in this manner it has the tendency of destroying the vitality or phosphorus of lime which is in hair. By this process you are able to cut it in any form you choose, such as leaves for trees, flowers of all descriptions, (Sac.

To make the negative, or make scenery, take the crystallized negative glass, which in ust be thoroughly washed with hot soap-suds and dried. Lay it perfectly upon the design w th smooth side down and crystal side up, or v ce versa, according to whichever side you WlSll Gate.

to use. Then take the negative pencil and draw all the outlines of the heaviest objects that may be on the scenery, as trees, fences, and large shrubs. Then take the negative pen and rule adapted for this work and draw the lines of monuments, buildings, and all fine objects that may be seen through the glass. The ink should be the Demar, and be about the same shade of the hair that you wish to use.

In drawing the design on the glass you must imitate nature as near as possible, according to your design. The object of this is, wherever the hair may be placed it is pulverized very fine, so that it will have the tendency of producing a beautiful effect.

To put the hair on the gossamer tissue, after your hair is dry you may put it on the gossamer tissue or gold-beater tissue. The goldbeater tissue is a very fine skin put up in book-form, and is. used for all fine work, such as leaves of trees, small flowers, small shrubs, or any other small object which is very deli- The gossamer tissue is used for heavy work, such as large leaves, buds, &c. To place the hair on either of these two articles take your tissue, gum the edges very slightly and fasten it to your palette or piece of glass. Then take a small bunch of hair in your left hand and dip into the gum of tushmer, which may be in a dish, and with your right hand take a knife and press out all the loose gum that is in it. Now lay the hair on the tissue by holding the knife on the end of the hair. Draw it straight with the left hand. Now give a few taps with your knife, commencing at the lower end of the hair. Tap it toward the upper end. Now let go of the hair with your left hand. Take the back of the knife and spread that end of which you had hold very thin. Then lay the forefinger of your left hand across the end which is spread, holding it perfectly tight. Now with your right hand take a fine-tooth comb and comb out until all tangles are removed, and your hair is perfectly straight. Now lay down your comb and take the back of the knife and press the hair perfectly flat and smooth, rubbing downward, so as to spread the same evenly. After the hair is dry it is ready to out up in any form you wish. It is always best to work the hair before it gets too dry and hard. If it happens to get too dry, you can moisten it with your thumb and finger.

To make the ground,the hair is cut as time with shears as you can possibly get it. Take gum of tushmer, reduce it down to about onehalf water, pour a little of thisinto your finecut hair, and stir it to make a thick paste. Take two knivesone in each hand. \Vith the one in your left hand pick up the preparation and with the knife in your right hand scrape it off gradually from your other knife onto where you wish to have it. In the meantime pat it quite thoroughly with the knife in your right hand, excepting for hills, high elevations, the. You gum the part you wish to have hair on with a weak solution of gum of tushmer. Then sprinkle some dried pulverized hair, which also assists to represent nature. It is always customary wherever there is water to be seen, such as rivers, lakes, or streams. It must be put on first before the hair is put on. Then the edges of the shore are plainly seen, for naturally the shores are always higher than the water.

To make grass, the hair should be cut middling fine-say about a sixteenth of an inch long-and wherever you desire to have the grass you first go over it with the gum of tushmer. Then sprinkle your out hair on the gum. Before the gum is thoroughlydry, you take a coarse-haired brush and brush the hair that you have sprinkled on earefullyupward. By doing so it turns nearly all the ends of the hair one way and is a very fine imitation of grass.

To make granite-marble, take a small portion of black flux. Add enough of gum of tushmer, so as to dissolve it. After it is thoroughly mixed and all the lumps mashed out, add one-half its quantity of enameline and stir it thoroughly. Then apply it with a brush on the smooth side of the negativeglass, the glass being crystallized on the other side, which is the side will be seen, and it will produce one of the finest imitations of granite that was ever seen. In combining the elements representing white marble with the granite, as often-times is desired, apply first the white marble wherever you wish to join it with the granite-marble. Draw a sharp line close to the edge where you wish to join them and let the white marble dry before applying the granite. Then apply the granite on the part you wish to have it, and let the edge of the granite be close to the white marble.

In making the other different colors of marble, it is done by combining the different colors of flux, and the enameline must be used in every case in order to produce a hard finish and be durable. There are a great many colors of this flux that will not mix with water as the white flux does. In this case use gum of tushmer in the place of water and apply all colors the same as above.

Those beautiful colors of fluX-sueh as red, green, yellow, blue, purple, &e.are often used as a paint to ornament silk, vclvets, wood, china, glass, &e. The most beautiful designs can be made the same as with oilpaints, and they will have a very fine etfect far nicer than any paint ever was knownas in reality it is a pure enamel-paint.

The white marble is made by using white flux. Take a small quantity of white flux, say the amount you wish to use, add a few drops of hot water, stir it thoroughly and mash all the lumps out. Then add double the quantity of enameline and stir thoroughly. Then apply it on the article you wish with a cainelshair brush. It will dry very rapidly and get as hard as glass after it is dry.

To make leaves for weeping-willow trees, take a strip of hair the proper width, aceordingto the size. First cut the end pointed like a spear. Then out it the proper length and at the other end pointed in the same manner. Then out on one side small notches all the way down. Then turn the leaf over and cut the other side the same.

In combining scenery, the first thing you must do is to take a negative of the object you wish to make in the manner we have already mention ed. If it is a graveyard scene, next you put on the imitation of the marble on the smooth side of the glass. After your marble is thoroughly dried make the background. Place a little gum along the edges of itand gum it on the smooth side of the glass. Now shade the monument with the hair-tissue strips, cut to fit according to the design, also the buildin gs, if there are any. Then add the groundwork by covering your lines with hair which is on the crystallized side. After the ground part is all made, and hills you then place on the trees, flowers, and shrubbery; then the fences, if there are any, and now take the watercolors and retouch and shade the flowers to suit your taste, also trees, such as weepingwillows, time.

All flowers and ornaments that are made from separate pieces must be out first the shape you desire.

here it is desired to use dies, take the hair while it is fresh made on the tissuepaperthat is, while it is still moist. Lay it on the smooth side of the wooden block with the hair side up and the tissue side down. Then lay your die perfectly level and give italight tap with a small hammer. If the flowers do not drop from the die, push a small wire through the small hole which is in it, or use a pin or needle. The hair should not be cut when it is dried too hard. If itis, moisten it by dampeningit with your fingers, or it will not be good. Be very careful not to dull the edge of the die, as it must be kept sharp to out perfectly.

To letter monuments and tombstones, first mark off on a piece of paper the name you require. By this means you have an idea how many lines of letters you are going to have on your monument. Then draw with your negative pencil very fine lines, almost invisinot see through-by laying it on the device,

ble, on the original which is on your glass; also, space off the number of letters you require with the negative pencil; also, mark very light. This is to give you an idea where the letters should be. Then take your negative pen and mark your letters with the back of the pen by resting your right hand upon your left. lVhile you are making your letters you will find it a very easy matter to make a perfect letter as small as it may be.

To make letters and monograms, mark the letter you wish to make on the base to which it is to be applied. Then shape a small strip of putty on the lines. Shape it perfectly even on the lines. Place on a little gum with the brush. Then sprinkle the pulverized hair. After shaking all the loose hair off shade the letter to suit your taste with Demar ink. Lamoge gum is also used in making raised letters, in combination with putty. I

To transfer on any articleas pearl, porcelain, ivory, paper, or any article that you canfirst lay a piece of transfer-paper on the article you wish to take a pattern of from the device. Take all the outlines of theobject. Then remove it from the device and lay a piece of carbon-paper on the article upon which you wish to make your work. Now lay the paper you have marked on the carhon-paper. Mark ontop of the carbon-paper and trace all the outlines with a smoothpointed stick or pencil, which will transfer the same design to the article'upon which you Wish to put your work, which is still under the carbon-paper. Now it is ready to place your hair on.

Having described my invention and the manner in which the same is or may be carried into effect, I would say, in conclusion, that I. do not limit myself to the precise details herein described in illustration of my invention, as the same may be varied tovsome extent; but

WVhat I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

The method of producing scenery and ornaments with hair, which consists, first, in destroying its vitality, or phosphorus of lime, and cleansing the hair, then drawing the design upon glass or transparent material, then placing the dried hair on gossamer tissue or gold-beater tissue, then cementing the tissue at its edges to the glass, then spreading the hair, then combing the same, and, after pressing and drying it, cutting it into desired forms, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALFORD E. JARVIS.

Witnesses:

PERCY D. PARKS, MIoHEL DE OoURsEY. 

